Обустройство туалета в частном доме: Как сделать туалет в частном доме: обустройство, конструкция, правила устройства

Санузел в деревянном доме: как грамотно все обустроить

Покупка нового деревянного дачного дома обычно сопряжена с множеством проблем и забот. Тем не менее, если в проекте Вашего дома заложена ванная комната – считайте, что львиная доля всех проблем уже решена. Санузел в деревянном доме – самая сложная часть строительства, ни одно из жилых помещений не требует столько же внимания и труда. Значение имеет буквально всё: расположение санузла и душевой, размеры комнаты, близость к воде, хорошая вентилируемость. Помимо проектирования систем канализации и вентиляции, необходимо тщательно продумать устройство гидроизоляции и вопросы дальнейшей отделки помещения.

Основные этапы возведения санузла своими руками

Расположение душевой играет важную роль: она, во-первых, должна иметь выход к источнику воды, а во-вторых, должна соединяться с канализацией, либо, на худой конец, выгребной ямой или очистным сооружением.

Ванная комната в деревянном доме (без разницы, из чего он выполнен: профилированного бруса или бревна, либо рублен вручную) обустраивается в несколько этапов:

Ванная комната в деревянном доме: расположение и размеры

Как бы ни хотелось внести свою долю креатива в постройку санузла, правильней это будет сделать, не выходя за рамки профессиональных правил его размещения:

Если одна из стен санузла будет внешней, ее будет легче вентилировать

• одна из стен санузла должна быть внешней, это значительно облегчит Вам его вентилирование;
• если дом имеет несколько этажей, можно оборудовать также и несколько санузлов, располагая их одну над другой;
• оптимальное расположение – рядом со спальней или гардеробной;
• неподходящее место для санузла – рядом с местом приёма и готовки пищи;
• если Вы желаете сэкономить пространство – задумайтесь над тем, чтобы сделать основной или дополнительный санузел под лестницей.

Что касается размеров, санузел, вместе с подсобными помещениями не должен занимать более 20-25% площади дома. В любом случае, если хозяин желает огромную ванную – ему никто не воспретит этого, важно только побеспокоиться о тщательной гидроизоляции.

Правила возведения санузла в частном доме

От тщательного следования всем правилам установки, зависит функциональность и долговечность будущего санузла.

Основная проблема, стоящая перед строителем – усадка деревянного дома. Если кирпичный или железобетонный дом таких проблем не создаст, то деревянный, в силу своего материала, – подвержен сезонным изменениям.

Для отвода воды используйте металлопластиковые или пластиковые трубы

Поэтому стоит учитывать этот факт при прокладке коммуникационных сетей, делая запас свободного пространства или применяя демпфирующие устройства.

Для отвода воды лучше всего применять металлопластиковые или пластиковые трубы, ведь они не деформируются, подвергаясь воздействию видоизменившихся вследствие осадки, стенок и перегородок. При креплении трубопровода необходимо использовать хомуты с резиновыми прокладками.

Конструкцию санузла в деревянном доме лучше всего делать на основе системы скользящего каркаса – самодостаточной несущей конструкции, автономной относительно стен дома и поэтому не подвергающейся их воздействию при усадке.

Скользящий каркас представляет собой систему из металлического профиля, прикрепляемую к стене.

Главное требование при монтаже – обеспечение подвижности профиля. Для этого в стене, при помощи сверла делаются удлиненные, овальные дырочки, необходимые для того, чтобы шурупы, входя в них, не задевали настенное покрытие. Шурупы затягиваются неплотно, чтобы не мешать подвижности всей конструкции.

Обшивка, монтаж потолка и пола в санузле

После установки профиля можно приступать к обшивке гипсокартоном. Вначале необходимо подготовить основание: при помощи клёпок к уже имеющимся П-образным профилям крепятся такие же, видоизменяя их так, чтобы было удобно прикреплять листы гипсокартона.

Гипсокартон крепится к стене с помощью саморезов

Гипсокартон можно крепить при помощи саморезов. Стоит заранее определиться с размещением проводки и при установке листов гипсокартона просверлить в них отверстия под провода. Поверх гипсокартона можно уложить кафельную плитку.

Потолок в санузле лучше сделать подвесной: так можно с удобством замаскировать все вентиляционные элементы.

Схема гидроизоляции пола ванной комнаты в деревянном доме

Пол обустраивается по-разному: в зависимости от типа основания. Если основание бетонное – пол делается таким же, как и в каменном доме. Если основание – деревянные лаги, то вначале укладывается утолщённая водостойкая фанера, затем гидростеклоизол, армированная стяжка и, наконец, плитка.

Кроме того, санузел в деревянном доме нуждается в тщательной гидроизоляции. Если средства позволяют – можно уложить полимерный пол, если же бюджет ограничен – можно своими руками нанести водоотталкивающую смесь или приклеить водостойкое напольное покрытие.

Предварительная отделка ванной в деревянном доме должна выполняться тщательно: необходимо выровнять, очистить пропитать антисептиком и заделать трещины в полу перед непосредственной укладкой гидроизоляционного слоя и финишного покрытия.

Устройство вентиляции в санузле

Деревянные дома легко сыреют и крайне подвержены воздействию плесневого грибка. Чтобы избежать этих неприятных последствий – стоит позаботиться о грамотной вентиляции помещения.

Если хоть одна из стен санузла – внешняя, то помещение само по себе вентилируемо. Дополнительная вентиляция требует дорогостоящего, защищённого от возгораний оборудования.

Устройство вентиляции в санузле

Монтаж вентиляции лучше доверить профессионалу, ведь некорректность в данном вопросе может послужить причиной дальнейшего возгорания системы. Помимо того, что все используемые материалы должны быть негорючими, вся конструкция не должна соприкасаться с древесиной, а крепиться на специальных кронштейнах. Система также нуждается в противопожарных клапанах и надёжной защите от влаги.

Подведение воды к санузлу в деревянном доме

Финальный этап работ – подведение воды. До того, как будет налажена подача, все системы, начиная с канализационной и заканчивая вентиляционной, должны быть установлены и тщательно проверены. Во избежание промерзания воды в трубах, все водоотводные сети должны быть утеплены, а основание пола снабжено пароизоляционной плёнкой.

Схема подведения воды к деревянному дому

Таким образом, оборудование и подготовка санузла к эксплуатации своими руками требует много сил, строительных материалов и специальной техники (взять хотя бы вентиляционную систему). Нельзя зацикливаться на эстетической стороне вопроса: лучше меньше потратить на красивую отделку, но тщательно продумать гидроизоляцию и сделать вентиляцию помещения, не говоря уже о главном – грамотном подведении канализации.

90000 Arrangement Of The House 90001 90002 The plan of the house must be above all a direct and business-like arrangement. Every foot of space must be made to count, must contribute either to the smoothness of the housework or to the effectiveness of the whole interior. There should be no waste nor stagnant space, no idle nor undefined areas. 90003 90002 The organization of the floor plan should fit the organization of home activities. The three phases of daily life-work, play, and sleep-suggest three divisions of space in the arrangement of a dwelling, the living-rooms forming one group, the working parts another, and the sleeping-rooms another.Each of these space groups is distinct in use, in arrangement, and in the character of its furnishings. 90003 90002 Communication between these parts is provided by means of hall and stairs; in fact the starting point of any plan is a study of its circulation or passage. The hall may, therefore, be considered as the kernel of the plan, the distributing center of space. 90003 90002 The arrangement of the living-rooms should be generous in feeling. To this end, wide doorways, groups of windows, and long vistas both indoors and out are essential.One large unit for general family use and two or three smaller ones usually comprise the living area of ​​the modest house. Some variety in the size, shape, and direction of the rooms is desirable in the design of the living space. Combinations of oblong rooms of different sizes placed at right angles to each other, or of oblong and square rooms of different dimensions, make a more interesting and more furnishable arrangement than a succession of square rooms, which tend to repeat each other in character and use .Generous window groups on long or important walls and arrangements of single windows or pairs on short or unimportant walls furnish a variety of outlook and lighting that is bound to give life and animation to the whole interior. 90003 90002 In general the living-rooms in temperate climates should occupy southerly exposures-south, southeast, and south-west-unless such an arrangement is contradicted by the direction of the view, prevailing winds, or other conditions of the site. An east dining-room is especially to be desired, since the morning sun on the breakfast table starts the day off cheerily.Living-rooms southerly and working parts northerly make a good complementary arrangement for using to advantage the four exposures of a free-standing house. 90003 90002 Further discussion of the working arrangements, such as kitchen, pantry, laundry, and the like, may be found on pages 99 to 119. 90003 90002 The sleeping-rooms must above all be private in location. That means that each room must be entered directly from a hall, not from another room. In a two-story house the privacy of the sleeping-rooms is automatically assured by placing them on the second floor.In a one-story arrangement a small bedroom-hall must be deliberately provided in addition to the entrance-hall. 90003 90002 The relative advantages of a one-floor or two-floor arrangement for a private dwelling depend on a number of factors. In general, the two-story house and the real bungalow, which has all the rooms arranged on a single floor, are climatic expressions of housing for widely different localities. Each is so normal for its own conditions that it becomes the prevalent type of that place.The informal spread-out plan of the bungalow is normal for warm climates, where yard and grounds form part of the daily life for a large part of the year and where the buildings may be lightly constructed without cellars and without heating systems. But when a dwelling must be arranged for year-round comfort in a locality of extreme heat and cold, the supposed economy of a one-floor arrangement, unless kept very small and compact, loses all point and defeats its own end. Large cellar and roof areas, the need for weather-tight construction and for an effective heating plant soon eat up the supposed economy of cost.90003 90002 Fig. 1. — Floor plans of a small house. The first floor plan shows a desirable spaciousness of living area and adaptability of working parts. The second floor plan shows an arrangement of four bedrooms, closets, and bath developed from a central hall. 90003 90002 There is, however, something to be said for the simpler housekeeping of the one-floor arrangement. The ease with which a servantless household may be comfortably maintained when all the living arrangements are on a single floor, is responsible for the popularity of various forms of apartments, flats, two-family dwellings, and even cottages with bedrooms on the first floor.Most of these are, however, rented dwelling-places and must not be confused with the type of house that it is desirable to build and own as a permanent home. 90003 90002 The three arrangements shown in the accompanying illustrations are typical examples of houses planned for modern conditions. 90003 90002 In Fig. 1 are shown both floor plans of a small house 26 by 30 feet. Here the spaciousness of the living area and the adaptability of the working parts may be instantly noted. The contrast in the size and shape of living- and dining-rooms, together with the long vista through both rooms and porch to the yard beyond, form a pleasing development of the space.The stairway is screened from the front door and is arranged in a separate stair-hall which serves also as passage to the coat-room and the kitchen. Such an arrangement greatly assists smooth and noiseless housekeeping. The second-floor plan shows an arrangement of four rooms, closets, and bath developed from a central hall. 90003 90002 Fig. 2. — The first floor plan of a suburban house designed for the accomodation of a family with little children. 90003 90002 In Fig. 2 is shown the first-floor plan of a suburban house designed for the accommodation of a family with little children.90003 90002 The panel of space across the front, comprising living-room, hall, and dining-room, is supplemented by a similar arrangement of rooms in the rear, in the form of nursery and kitchen. The front of the house can thus be kept in order while the rear part is in use. The nursery is so located that it can be watched by the worker in the kitchen, and the stairs are very accessible. With such an arrangement properly equipped, a mother could do her own work without exhaustion or loss of time.The children’s lunch could be served in the nursery and the mother’s couch and sewing materials would always be ready. The nursery could later be transformed into a study-room or library, or in case of illness into a downstairs bedroom, since toilet facilities are at hand. The house also adjusts itself to hired help. 90003 90002 Fig. 3. — A typical arrangement of all rooms on one floor. The living-rooms and kitchen are grouped snugly together, and the bedrooms are grouped and arranged to open from a retired hall.90003 90002 A typical arrangement of all rooms on one floor is shown in Fig. 3. The living-rooms and kitchen are grouped snugly together, and the bedrooms are grouped and arranged to open from a retired hall. Such a plan is suitable for a one-floor cottage arrangement in temperate climates. Another one-floor arrangement is shown in Fig. 4. 90003 90002 Fig. 4. — A small farmhouse arranged on a single floor, with a cellar beneath for the furnace and for vegetable storage. 90003.90000 Police warn teen girls after man hands out creepy letter to women in the street asking them for a ‘private arrangement’ 90001 90002 COPS have issued a warning to teenage girls after a man handed out creepy letters to women in the street about a «private arrangement «. 90003 90002 Two women have told of their shock after being targeted by the man in Middlesbrough who told them they had caught his eye in the past week. 90003 90002 3 90003 The creepy letter handed out to women in the street about a ‘private arrangement’Credit: News and Incidents on Teesside 90002 The first teenager was approached in Poundland in the Cleveland Centre as she was buying batteries.90003 90002 She said she was given a similar letter to one circulating on Facebook, which states: «I do not have time to talk right now. 90003 90002 «I am not looking for a girlfriend or relationship. 90003 90002 «I am looking for a possible private £ Arrangement. 90003 90002 «If you understand my meaning.» 90003 90002 It ends by wishing the recipient an «enchanting day». 90003 90002 3 90003 The first teenager was approached in Poundland in the Cleveland Centre as she was buying batteriesCredit: Google street view 90002 A second woman was targeted at Middlesbrough Bus Station at 4pm on Thursday, before he fled.90003 90002 Again the letter had a phone number at the bottom, which her furious sister then called. 90003 90002 The furious teen said: «She spoke with him and said he sounded foreign. 90003 90002 «He asked where he had seen me and what I had been wearing when he gave the letter.» 90003 90002 «The note was very similar to other ones, although it said only to contact him if I was over 18 and there was not a pound sign before the word ‘arrangement’. 90003 90002 3 90003 A second woman was targeted at Middlesbrough Bus Station at 4pm on Thursday, before he fledCredit: Alamy 90002 «But it made me feel a bit uncomfortable and it set off my anxiety.90003 90002 «It was just really strange to receive something like that.» 90003 90002 The girl and her sister then contacted police. 90003 90002 Cleveland Police say its aware of the letters. 90003 90002 But while they say the distributor is not committing a criminal offence by handing out a leaflet, if any recipients feel threatened then they should call the cops. 90003 90002 Live Blog 90003 90002 90047 SEARCH FOR NAYA 90048 Naya Rivera: Latest updates as the search continues for the Glee star 90003 90002 Live Blog 90003 90002 90047 Covid updates 90048 Coronavirus: Vaccine could be out in first half of next year 90003 90002 Live Blog 90003 90002 90047 SEE EU LATER 90048 Brexit news latest: EU exec says there’s still ‘significant differences’ 90003 90002 90047 COVID CRISIS 90048 Florida smashes new cases record after 500 deaths in one week 90003 90002 90047 DISTURBING 90048 Cop grabbed by ‘gang member and put in a HEADLOCK ‘as crowd chants’ f ** k him up ‘90003 90002 Live Blog 90003 90002 90047 JAIL BIRD 90048 Ghislaine Maxwell news: Heiress’ ordered staff not to look Epstein in eye ‘90003 90076 90077 90002 90079 We pay for your stories! Do you have a story for The Sun Online news team? Email us at tips @ the-sun.co.uk or call 0207 782 4368. We pay for videos too. Click here to upload yours. ‘ 90080 90003 90077 90002 90003 .90000 How to make a private child maintenance arrangement 90001 90002 If you separate, you’re both still responsible for the financial costs of bringing up any children. 90003 90002 If it’s possible, you can make these arrangements yourselves to support the children financially. These are called ‘90005 private child maintenance arrangements’ 90006. 90003 90008 Advantages of a private child maintenance arrangement 90009 90002 A private child maintenance arrangement costs nothing to set up.It can be simple and quick to arrange because you do not have to deal with any official rules or authorities. It means you can agree: 90003 90012 90013 between yourselves how much maintenance should be paid 90014 90013 how and when payments should be made 90014 90013 to change arrangements if circumstances change 90014 90013 to pay for items instead of money — for example, buying a new school uniform instead of making one of your regular payments 90014 90021 90008 Disadvantages of a private child maintenance arrangement 90009 90002 Private child maintenance arrangements are not legally binding or enforceable.This means you can not force the other parent to keep paying if they stop. 90003 90002 It could be difficult to agree about child maintenance. For example, you might have left a violent relationship and it’s unsafe for you to contact your ex-partner. Or you might disagree about how much a reasonable amount of child maintenance would be. 90003 90002 Check what help you can get to make a private child maintenance arrangement on GOV.UK. 90003 90008 What to include in a private child maintenance arrangement 90009 90002 You’ll need to cover: 90003 90012 90013 how much maintenance should be paid 90014 90013 how often payments should be made 90014 90013 how and when the payments will be made 90014 90013 a review date to talk about the arrangement and make any changes if it is not working.90014 90021 90002 Get more advice about what to include in a private maintenance arrangement from GOV.UK. 90003 90008 Working out how much child maintenance should be paid 90009 90002 The amount of child maintenance is usually based on the income of the parent who does not have the main day-to-day care of the child. You should only agree what is affordable and realistic. 90003 90002 You can use the child maintenance options calculator on GOV.UK to get an idea of ​​how much you might pay or get if the Child Maintenance Service (CMS) has arranged child maintenance for you.90003 90002 This figure can be a starting point to discuss how much child maintenance to agree on. 90003 90008 Change of circumstances 90009 90002 If you have a private child maintenance arrangement, you do not have to report any changes in your circumstances to the other parent. It’s a good idea to include a review date so that you can reconsider the agreement and change it if necessary. 90003 90002 If you’re paying maintenance and your circumstances change before the review date, you might need to try and re-negotiate your arrangement.For example, if you lose your job, or if you have a baby with a new partner, you might not be able to afford the same amount of maintenance. 90003 90002 You can use the child maintenance calculator on GOV.UK to work out how much the new amount would be if the Child Maintenance Service has arranged child maintenance for you. 90003 90008 Making a private arrangement legally binding 90009 90002 If you and your partner want to make your private arrangement legally binding, you can apply to court to get a legal document confirming your agreement.This is called a ‘consent order’. 90003 90002 You can not apply for a consent order if the Child Maintenance Service has already arranged a maintenance agreement for you. 90003 90002 Read more about consent orders on GOV.UK. 90003 90070 If your ex-partner does not comply with a consent order 90071 90002 If you’ve set up a consent order, and it does not work, you can still apply to the Child Maintenance Service to arrange maintenance if the order has been in place for at least 12 months. This is called the ’12 -month rule ‘.You can also go back to court to get the consent order enforced. 90003 90008 Help to draw up a private child maintenance arrangement 90009 90070 Child Maintenance Service 90071 90002 If you can not agree about child maintenance with your ex-partner, you can use the government’s Child Maintenance Service. The Child Maintenance Service can: 90003 90012 90013 work out how much maintenance needs to be paid 90014 90013 take action if a parent does not pay the agreed amount 90014 90013 review the payments if your circumstances change 90014 90021 90070 Legal advice 90071 90002 You might want to get legal advice before agreeing a private child maintenance arrangement.90003 90002 Legal aid is only available in some circumstances. 90003 90070 Financial advice 90071 90002 You might want to get financial advice before agreeing a private arrangement. For example, this could help you understand your ex-partner’s financial situation better and help you negotiate a more realistic private maintenance arrangement. You will not get financial help to pay for a financial adviser. 90003 90070 Mediation 90071 90002 If you’re finding it difficult to come to an agreement about maintenance, you could get the help of a family mediator.You both have to be willing to go to mediation. Any decisions you make there will not be legally binding, unless you get the agreement drawn up in court. 90003 90002 In some cases, you might get legal aid to help with mediation costs. 90003 90002 You can search for a mediator on the Family Mediation Council website. 90003 90008 If your private arrangement breaks down 90009 90002 If your private arrangement breaks down, you could ask a family mediator to try and help you resolve any problems.90003 90002 If you can not reach an agreement through mediation, you can use the government’s Child Maintenance Service to arrange child maintenance. 90003 90008 Next steps 90009 90008 Other useful information 90009 90002 To find local family mediators, go to: 90003 .90000 Toilet Arrangements ▷ Spanish Translation 90001 Toilet Arrangements ▷ Spanish Translation — Examples Of Use Toilet Arrangements In A Sentence In English It accommodates 4 passengers in a club 4 90002 arrangement 90003 and features a 90002 toilet 90003 at the rear, unlike some other jets in its category.90006 Tiene capacidad para 4 pasajeros en 90002 una disposición 90003 club 4 y cuenta con un 90002 baño 90003 en la parte trasera, a diferencia de otros aviones de su categoría. If provision of separate 90002 toilets 90003 is not initially possible, 90002 arrangements 90003 can be made to avoid girls and boys using the 90002 toilets 90003 at the same time.90006 Si no es posible inicialmente construir 90002 retretes 90003 separados, deben hacerse 90002 los arreglos 90003 pertinentes para evitar que las niñas y los niños usen los 90002 retretes 90003 al mismo tiempo. If provision of separate 90002 toilets 90003 is not initially possible, 90002 arrangements 90003 can be made to avoid girls and boys using the 90002 toilets 90003 at the same time.90006 Si en un principio no es posible contar con 90002 baños 90003 separados, se puede hacer 90002 disposiciones 90003 para evitar que las niñas y los niños utilicen los 90002 baños 90003 al mismo tiempo. .